Earth science is the scientific study of our planet, the Earth. It is the stratosphere which contains the ozone layer. Search for: The Atmosphere. The density of the atmosphere decreases outward, because the planet’s gravitational attraction, which pulls the gases and aerosols inward, is … Because of this, the ozone layer protects life on Earth. List the major layers of the atmosphere and their temperatures. Earth science encompasses four main branches of study, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere, each of which is further broken down into more specialized fields. Other than high-flying jet aircraft pilots (and the occasional daredevil skydiver) you wouldn't expect to find many living things over 10 kilometers up - yet this is exactly where one NASA researcher is hunting for evidence of life. The solar wind is made of high-speed particles, mostly protons and electrons, traveling rapidly outward from the Sun. Even though it seems like air is made of nothing, it consists of particles too small to be seen. Ozone in the Stratosphere Ozone is the combination of three oxygen atoms into a single molecule (O 3). This is the layer where most commercial airliners fly and weather balloons travel to. So air in the troposphere does a lot of mixing. Give a detailed explanation of why warm air rises. Researchers created a new way to determine whether an exoplanet is Earth … The stratosphere is regarded as the second layer of Earth’s atmosphere (between the Troposphere and the mesosphere) as we move upwards from the surface. It is thickest near the surface and thins out with height until it eventually merges with space. Allaby M., 2008. The direct heat source for the stratosphere is the Sun. It encompasses all sciences which focus on the Earth, and uses physics, geology, geography, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry and biology.The Earth sciences generally recognize four "spheres" of study of the Earth: the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere, corresponding to rocks, water, air, and life. Papers held up by rising air currents above a radiator demonstrate the important principle that warm air rises. All living things need some of the gases in air for life support. A change in temperature with distance is called a temperature gradient. The atmosphere is composed of a group of gases. The Stratosphere: Ozone's Home . The troposphere is heated from the ground, so temperature decreases with altitude. The cold ground cools the air that sits above it, making this low layer of air denser than the air above it. Geologic History . [10][11][12][13], Plate tectonics might be thought of as the process by which the Earth is resurfaced. This QUEST video looks at the aurora, which provides clues about the solar wind, Earth’s magnetic field and Earth’s atmosphere. What would Earth’s magnetic field look like if it were painted in colors? The only heat source is the sun. The other four layers include the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Antarctica or hot spot island chains). Earth sciences can include the study of geology, the lithosphere, and the large-scale structure of Earth's interior, as well as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. What is the heat source for the stratosphere? In addition to the nitrogen, oxygen, and argon there are small amounts of other gases including CO2 and water vapor. Because warm air rises and cool air sinks, the troposphere is unstable. Air density and air pressure are lower. Google "stratosphere" and the top search result is the homepage of an eponymous hotel and casino in Las Vegas. Meteorology includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics with a major focus on weather forecasting. Just like the troposphere, its depth varies with latitude. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere. For example, meteorologists study the weather and watch for dangerous storms. In addition to storing heat, the atmosphere also protects living organisms by shielding the Earth's surface from cosmic rays—which are often incorrectly thought to be deflected by the magnetic field. Each gas emits a particular color of light. We know subtle changes in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun are responsible for the comings and goings of the ice ages. The higher gravity causes the temperature to rise. Earth and Life Science 90 MINS Lesson 4: Earth Subsystems Content Standard The learners shall be able to understand the subsystems (geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere) that make up the Earth. Stratosphere definition, the region of the upper atmosphere extending upward from the tropopause to about 30 miles (50 km) above the earth, characterized by little vertical change in temperature. Sometimes there is a temperature inversion, air temperature in the troposphere increases with altitude and warm air sits over cold air. This condition is unstable. The lower portion of the stratosphere is nearly isothermal (a layer of constant temperature), whereas temperatures in its upper levels increase with altitude. The atmosphere is the layer of gas around the planet that supports life and climate. Inversions are very stable and may last for several days or even weeks. Near the coast where cold seawater cools the air above it. The temperature gradient of each layer is different. Once trapped by Earth’s magnetic field, they follow along the field’s magnetic lines of force. Notice that in the troposphere warmer air is beneath cooler air. With the same number of molecules in less space, both air density and air pressure are higher. As a result, there is little mixing of air within the layer. Because of the free ions, the ionosphere has many interesting characteristics. Water is exchanged as part of the water cycle, and carbon dioxide is exchanged as part of the carbon cycle. Some scientists to speculate that hot springs — which contain the biochemical recipe for life, including chemical elements, water and energy — may have set the stage for Earth’s earliest life.
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