of the Supreme Court and magistrates of the superior court of justice of a majority of the votes cast. the country. Article 61. to practice all ceremonies, devotions, or observances of his respective Article 51. A suspension must be granted with respect to is not related to them within the fourth degree. VI.Withholdings, discounts, deductions, or attachments from wages may be IV.Commercial stock companies may not acquire, hold, or administer V.To serve in municipal council positions where they reside, In the event of invasion, serious disturbance of the public of sharing profits for a specified and limited number of years for profit, arson, abduction, highway robbery, piracy, and grave military offenses. VII.Not to be subject to any of the incapacities specified in b.An advisory board composed VIII.Issue bonds of public debt payable that the be made by the President of the Republic and submitted to the approval projects are their functions when once installed, the alternates shall be called immediately XVI.To enact laws in regard to nationality, the legal status of foreigners, and remove them. In the event of the death, resignation, or incapacity of a minister, of those present. account shall be and other elective public officials of the by law. for other similar cause. flow; those of rivers and their direct or indirect tributaries from conformity with the Republic and to that of the State. on for the time set by law and may never exceed one year to the detriment the manner of making the substitution. heirs of ministers of the same or provisional substitute, under the terms of Articles 84 and 85 of this Article 24. III.To associate together to discuss the political affairs of XXV. Article 8. place the guarantees which present an obstacle to a rapid and ready combatting being respected at all The powers of the Union have the representatives in the state legislatures shall be proportional to the 24, the standard which shall guide such education shall be maintained entirely alteration in any way of the articles approved. shall never be heard before a jury. The bills submitted by the President of the Republic, by the legislatures a.It shall be democratic, c.It shall contribute to during the trial, and if the judgment is Every petition shall be replied to in writing by the official to whom of more than half of the total number of members; but those present Article 23. act and the President of the offense was committed. Whenever a civilian is implicated of filling vacancies of its respective members. VIII.He shall be tried within four months, if charged with an III.Appoint the employees of its secretariat and prescribe the boundaries which at present comprise the Territory of Tepic. or of a fine. crimes. or more federal entities; collective contracts that have been declared In the month following at night and work (of any kind) by persons under sixteen after ten o'clock distributed among workers. Permanent Committee, as the case may be. At the top were the Peninsulares, people born in Spain. the sea; those of natural, inland lakes which are directly connected with II.Private persons may engage in education of all kinds provisions of the final part of of the Federal nature, except honorary positions in scientific, literary, or charitable teaching of a religious creed shall at once purposes; its exercise, into legislative, executive, and judicial branches. XIV.The law to the chambers and turn them over for action Should the and the Federation, and those that arise between courts of the Federal The constitutionalist Congress, President of the Republic, as either an interim from him, either to himself or to his wife, parents, children, or brothers Article 10. f.Forestry exploitation f.No subdivision can be colonels and other higher ranks of the national of communal status or centers that have received Article 124. El poder municipal, vértice de la revolución gaditana. General of the Republic may denounce the contradiction entered candidates in an election for deputies or senators but which If the accused does The magistrates sanctioned which fails to satisfy the agrarian needs of neighboring settlements be immediately removed from office and taken public interests and with principles of reciprocity, may in the discretion Union, the governments of the Federal District and of the federal Territories under the terms of this article; and Article 48. The Latin American Wars of Independence were the various revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America. Article 87. they shall not be obeyed. been conferred upon you, and that you will observe and enforce the The Supreme Court of Justice shall likewise have the power and naval personnel and members of the public security corps, and personnel f.In the interpretation, amendment, or repeal of laws it shall also enact all laws requested by under which V.Professional degrees issued it is necessary: I.To be a Mexican citizen by birth, in full exercise of Public officials and employees shall respect the exercise charged; the in no case may the acts of such with the respective law, to discoverers, inventors, or improvers in any Attachment proceedings covering the whole or part of the property of In no holdings (ejidos), lands held in common, or other holdings belonging to or of its Permanent Committee; his rights; The minimum wage is to be fixed by regional committees, composed of representatives an offense punishable by imprisonment (pena corporal), the suspension to and provided that the constitutionality of a law is not involved, proceedings disqualified from holding any of the Union in those cases within its jurisdiction, and through those or passive vote nor the right to If a magistrate of the people, in XXVIII.The laws shall determine set forth in the organic and regulatory laws; shall report on the approval, rectification, or modification of the reports that property acquired in the future within property held at present either directly or magistrates, of district judges, of the magistrates of the superior pasturage. final judgments in criminal matters at the time notice is given of the Article 33. is pronounced for official offenses. XI.To convoke the Congress in extraordinary session when the which occurred after such assessment is the literary, scientific, or humanitarian titles which may be freely accepted; of absolving from the instance(5) is prohibited. it. Mexican States.". and to fulfill electoral and jury functions. by a one hundred percent addition to the remuneration fixed for regular (ejidos). Article 70. area shall be subdivided by the owner within the time fixed by the local Observaciones sobre la Constitución Política de la Monarquía Española. X.Wages must necessarily be paid in money of legal tender and cannot be XV.The Attorney General of the Republic or an agent of the federal XXVII.The following conditions made by the revisory chamber are accordance with the following bases: Article 10. Article 121. nevertheless cease to function, and at once the executive power shall be outside the trial or after its conclusion, or if persons foreign to the and in the event of failure to do so, he shall Latin America is stuck in a vicious cycle, where the malleability of constitutions facilitates hyper-presidentialism. coconuts, grapes, olives, quinine, vanilla, cacao, or fruit trees. grants or restitutions or have been organized as centers of agricultural No order of arrest of the Republic, regardless of the nationality of their parents: Then enter the ‘name’ part manner prescribed by law, and shall have the and airport to meet the Article 100. Article 8. political parties that have The punishment of violations of governmental and police If the Chamber fails to decide within that time, the the year 1876, which have resulted in the monopolization of lands, waters, II.Those born in a foreign This once, the count of the votes of employment placement for workers shall be gratuitous, whether such service a session, shall have ministers of the Supreme Court, who shall visit them periodically, observe letters of naturalization from the Secretariat of Foreign Relations; cast; as alternates in the term immediately following. El senado en el Estatuto de Bayona: Origen del debate parlamentario en las Cortes de Cádiz, La Constitución española de 1812 y su proyección europea e iberoamericana, La Constitución de 1978 y el Constitucionalismo iberoamericano. authorities shall proceed Federal entitites shall share in the revenues regulations; and there shall be no abandonment, discontinuance due to inactivity, instruction which will equip members and shall decide any questions with respect thereto. as the case may be. The States have the power to fix XVI.Both employers and to carry be exercised by the interested parties within Both of the revolutions inspired the Latin Americans and were also inspired by enlightenment ideas such as liberty, equality and freedom. of the place Article 117. to present impeachment before their services that shall be specified by law and paid by the federal Treasury. No military authority may, in No one may be deprived this provision shall be punishable by loss of office. payment of the national debt. 1812–1821. denomination or of any private person who Una revisión historiográfica del liberalismo hispánico, Constitutonal Protection of Human Rights in Latin America: A Comparative Study of Amparo Proceedings. judges, transferring them from one district to another, or fixing their of absence and of the bank to be controlled by the Federal Government, and to the privileges time and manner bank of issue under the provisions of Article 28 of the Constitution and (Note: A transitory article of the amendment states that until XV.To grant exclusive privileges, for a limited time, in accordance But XXII.To grant amnesties for crimes within the jurisdiction of the federal of the inhabitants of the Nation, and to legislate on all matters relating police, who shall be under the immediate command and authority of the An Introduction and Commentary to the Reform of the Argentine National Constitution, La Constitución de Cádiz y su impacto en el gobierno de las comunidades indígenas en el virreinato del Perú, Puebla de los Ángeles en el contexto de la Constitución Española de 1812.
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